Moral In The Canterbury Tales - 1221 Words

Moral of the Story in Chaucer’s The Canterbury Tales The Canterbury Tales have an ultimate lesson at the end, just as every other literary work does. In some of them, he simply states what it is, or some may have to be inferred. During the time, many social and historical events were taking place, and in some instances, Chaucer chose to base the moral around it. While reading The Canterbury Tales, the audience gets entertainment and a basic knowledge of what life what like through the lessons he presents. All of the tales morals differ and hold their own significance. In the Pardoner’s Tale, the Pardoner directly tells the reader what the moral is, â€Å"Radix malorum est cupiditas,† or in simpler terms, money is the root of all evil (Chaucer†¦show more content†¦She had no control over anything and was even considered â€Å"a fouler person could no man devise† (â€Å"The Tale of the Wife of Bath† 127). Women throughout this time era sought for sovereignty and eventually the Hag received that power (â€Å"The Tale of the Wife of Bath† 128). She once had no control until she became married and the Knight, himself granted her the power. The moral lesson can be interpreted as women were property, until treated otherwise. The Hag is a significant representation of this, she was considered disgusting because in fact, she was a female. However, the Knight gave her the ultimate power over him for a short time, and she decided to turn young and fair (â€Å"The Tale of the Wife of Bath† 133). Chaucer may have decided to make this a lesson because it was the normal social standing of women during the time era. The stereotypical image of medieval females were oppressed and subservient, however, on occasion, some women may hold power (Bovey 4). The majority of women held no power. They had little to no control of the direction their lives took, after marriage, they were in charge of their household and chores (Bovey 5). The moral of the story is relevant to the known standards of medieval women. The storyteller of â€Å"The Wife of Bath† were part of the merchant class, which was higher than the Hag. Fortunately, she had power of her life, unlike the other women depicted. The wife has been widowed five different times, which hasShow MoreRelatedEssay on Morals in Chaucers The Canterbury Tales741 Words   |  3 PagesMorals in Chaucers The Canterbury Tales When Chaucer wrote The Canterbury Tales, he had certain morals in mind. Chaucer usually dealt with one of the seven ?deadly? sins as well. The humorous Miller?s Tale is no exception. The Story is about a carpenter who marries a young beautiful woman who is much younger than him. The moral of the story is revealed in the second paragraph, when Chaucer, through the voice of the miller, notes of the carpenter, ?Being ignorant, he did not know of CatoRead MoreAnalysis Of The General Prologue To The Canterbury Tales Essays1044 Words   |  5 Pagesthe lowest order was involved in this practice. Geoffrey Chaucer, one of the most important writers in English literature, was the author of The Canterbury Tales, an elaborate poem about the religious pilgrimage of twenty nine people to Canterbury. In the General Prologue Chaucer introduces each individual along for the journey. Through The Canterbury Tales, we discover the hypocrisy and virtues Chaucer narrates in his characters and can appreciate the nuances in this superior piece of literatureRead MoreGeoffrey Chaucers Style Of Literature956 Words   |  4 Pagesideas evolved and shaped the literary world in a new way. During these times, there were expectations of all people, Knights were to act with chivalry and dignity, Monks were to solely practice faith and religion, and ordinary people were to have morals. These expectations were just a few of the things that would be considered Anglo Saxon beliefs, the most popular form of literature of this time. The poems, plays, epics and pieces of literature written during the Medieval times all contained theRead MoreThe Canterbury Tales by Geoffrey Chaucer Essay1115 Words   |  5 Pages The Canterbury Tales is a set of stories written by Geoffrey Chaucer in the fourteenth century. The stories were told by a group of pilgrims traveling to Canterbury Cathedral, in hopes to see a shrine of Saint Thomas Becket. To make time go by the host recommended each pilgrim tell a tale. The tale that each character gives, reveals that person’s background and life. Some pilgrims matched their stereotype of that time but most do not. The Prioress, Madame Eglentyne, and Wife of Bath, Allison, areRead MoreEssay on Chaucers The Canterbury Tales927 Words   |  4 PagesChaucers The Canterbury Tales In The Canterbury Tales, Geoffrey Chaucer comments on moral corruption within the Roman Catholic Church. He criticizes many high-ranking members of the Church and describes a lack of morality in medieval society; yet in the â€Å"Retraction,† Chaucer recants much of his work and pledges to be true to Christianity. Seemingly opposite views exist within the â€Å"Retraction† and The Canterbury Tales. However, this contradiction does not weaken Chaucer’s social commentary.Read More Passive Women in Chaucers Canterbury Tales? Essay1466 Words   |  6 PagesPassive Women in Chaucers Canterbury Tales? One argument that reigns supreme when considering Chaucer’s The Canterbury Tales is whether or not there is an element of anti-feminism within the text. One thread that goes along with this is whether or not the women of The Canterbury Tales are passive within the tales told. This essay will explore the idea that the women found within the tales told by the pilgrims (The Knight’s Tale, The Miller’s Tale and The Wife of Bath’s Tale to name a few) are notRead MoreThe Canterbury Tales : An Analysis Of Medieval Life By Geoffrey Chaucer939 Words   |  4 PagesCanterbury Tales: An Analysis of Medieval Life by Geoffrey Chaucer The Canterbury Tales is strongly considered one of the greatest works in medieval literature. An admirer of Chaucer, and the author of Chaucer and the Fifteenth Century, H.S. Bennett describes Chaucer’s unique style as, â€Å"No detail was too small for him to observe, and from it he could frequently draw, or suggest, conclusions which would have escaped many.† While The Canterbury Tales was originally intended to be an epic poemRead MoreAnalysis Of Geoffrey Chaucer s The Wife Of Bath 1371 Words   |  6 Pagesfor folks to read. One of his best known works of art would be The Canterbury Tales, which was written between 1380 and 1400 in England, but was never completed due to his death. It was composed in Middle English and portrays a great example of frame narrative. The Canterbury Tales begins with a group of pilgrims traveling from England to Canterbury. While they are navigating, they gather around taking turns to tell their own tales or for some, none at al l. While both the Pardoner and Franklin areRead More Character Analysis of The Wife of Bath of Chaucers Canterbury Tales1623 Words   |  7 Pages Character Analysis of The Wife of Bath of Chaucers Canterbury Tales The Canterbury Tales is Geoffrey Chaucers greatest and most memorable work. In The Canterbury Tales, Chaucer uses a fictitious pilgrimage [to Canterbury] as a framing device for a number of stories (Norton 79). In The General Prologue of The Canterbury Tales, Chaucer describes in detail the pilgrims he meets in the inn on their way to Canterbury. Chaucer is the author, but also a character and the narrator, and acts likeRead MoreChaucer s The Canterbury Tales1064 Words   |  5 PagesGeoffrey Chaucer, The Author of the Canterbury Tales, is known as the Father of English Literature and is one of the greatest English Poets of the Middle Ages. Chaucer was a soldier, a diplomat, a civil servant, and a courtier, enabling him to experience different aspects of each social ranking, which he demonstrated through his poetry. The Canterbury Tales, his most famous work, is a collection of short stories within a frame story, making for an interesting and memorable narrative about 29 pilgrims

Death is presented to a man (everyman) and all of mans...

Death is presented to a man (everyman) and all of mans friends run, escape, protect themselves. The lesson learned if fairly obvious in my mind. When someone is dying, no pleading or begging or cajoling will stop death and death will not be announced. But that is not the true lesson. The lesson is much more heart retching then that. It is an understanding that you cannot take people or things with you. People and things cannot help you. Your life is an open book to God and He already knows where you are going. â€Å"I’m an open book to you; even from a distance, you know what I’m thinking. You know when I leave and when I get back; I’m never out of your sight.†Psalm 139 beginning We are told that He will separate the believers from the†¦show more content†¦Romans 10:9 But does this mean you now can go about your sinful life living as you previously have done and ignore the commitment you made. No! We are all sinners and when we accept Jesus into our hearts we commit to following our new body (the Holy Spirit) instead of our old sinful body. Paul says every day every moment, was a battle for him between his old self and his new self. Romans 8:13 13 For if you live according to the flesh, you will die; but if by the Spirit you put to death the misdeeds of the body, you will live. 2 Peter 1:1010 Therefore, my brothers and sisters,[a] make every effort to confirm your calling and election. For if you do these things, you will never stumble, His old self was how he sinfully acted and lived before following God, and his new self is the e Holy Spirit living inside of him to guide him as he follows the Lord. They fought because we are naturally sinful and with the Holy Spirit inside him he was trying to please two masters but you cannot do that. â€Å"24 â€Å"No one can serve two masters. Either you will hate the one and love the other, or you will be devoted to the one and despise the other. You cannot serve both God and money.† Matthew 6:24 Following God means to fellowship with Him, Read what He has written in His Word, follow His guidance, listen for what His will is in your life, and talk with Him. .How can we expect to know God if we don’t fellowship (spend time with him every day? God gave us HisShow MoreRelatedEveryman-a Medieval Play Review2976 Words   |  12 PagesA Review of â€Å"The Summoning of Everyman† Summary Everyman is a play which was written to express the importance of morality, to whoever read it or experienced it being performed on stage. Some scholars say that it was written sometime in the late 1400’s, while others insist that it is a translation of a Flemish work called â€Å"Elckerlijc†, which was written by Peter van Diest in 1495. Everyman is an allegory play which is heavily based upon ChristianRead MoreEveryman Is An English Morality Play By An Unknown Author1493 Words   |  6 Pagesas â€Å"The Summoning of Everyman†, â€Å"Everyman† was writing sometime during the late 1400s. â€Å"Everyman† is an English morality play by an unknown author. This play first appeared in England in the 16th century. â€Å"Everyman† can be considered as a play of transience because it shows a protagonist who is during the whole play. It also illustrates the way Christians are expected to live and the endeavors that should be made in order for their lives to be saved. The morality play â€Å"Everyman† is about a man whoRead MoreEveryman688 Words   |  3 PagesAuthor’s Perception of Death â€Å"The medieval morality play Everyman, personifying such abstractions as Fellowship and Good Deeds, recounts the death journey of Everyman† (Allegory, 2010). The author uses symbolic names for characters to emphasize the moral of the play. â€Å"The characters in an allegory often have no individual personality, but are embodiments of moral qualities and other abstractions† (Allegory, 2010) The author sees death as important as life, especially when death comes to makesRead MoreEveryman1653 Words   |  7 PagesEveryman Liberty University Online English 102 i. Thesis/ Introduction ii. Summary of Characters and what they add to the play a. Messenger b. God c. Death d. Everyman e. Fellowship f. Kindred g. Cousin h. Goods i. Good Deeds j. Knowledge k. Confession l. Beauty m. Strength n. Discretion o. Five Wits (Senses) p. Angel q. Doctor iii. Perspective of Death rRead MoreEveryman1518 Words   |  7 PagesNAME March 8, 2012 English 102 â€Å"Everyman† Research Paper Thesis Statement: â€Å"Everyman† is an English morality play that uses allegorical characters to depict what Everyman values throughout his life. Everyman has not been living a virtuous life focused on God and his kingdom but instead places a high value on â€Å"worldly riches† and goods. As the play progresses Everyman is summoned by Death and realizes he is not ready to die and doesn’t want to do it alone. He repents of his sins andRead MoreEveryman: The play1213 Words   |  5 Pagesthe play Everyman, death is embodied as a representative of God that visits the plays central character, Everyman. Death takes hold of the readers’ interests because it is such a profound word. It is a burdened, aggressive, penetrating word that replicates an actuality that every human will have to come to accept. Death is an adversary in the play that signifies physical death. The author recognizes the consequences of death and uses that knowledge to bring in the reader. In Everyman, the a uthorRead MoreThe Somonyng of Everyman 1244 Words   |  5 PagesEveryman is a morality play revolving around life, death, good and bad deeds. Everyman, Death and God are the main characters used in the play, in order to bring out the plot of the story. The play uses allegorical characters in order to address Christian salvation, and ways of achieving salvation. The play argues that both good and evil deeds of a person will count, when God makes the final decision on death of a person. The perception and treatment of death plays a vital role in developing theRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Everyman, The Summoning Of Everyman1378 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction and Thesis Statement The full title of â€Å"Everyman† is â€Å"the summoning of Everyman†. It is a morality play known by many people because every character involved in the play is imperative for the plot as well as the morality interpretation. However, Death takes most of critical role (Goldhamer, 1973). Everyman is the main character but without Death, the play would lack its illuminative and illustrative nature. Nonetheless, the author depicts Death as the messenger of God, cruel judge asRead MoreEveryman1579 Words   |  7 PagesA RESPONSE TO ATHEISM PHIL 201 D44 LUO August 18, 2011 A Response to Atheism In reading McCloskey’s article it’s obvious he is searching for definitive proof that God exists. He is unable to find proof and therefore comes to the conclusion that God must not exist. He believes that the existence of evil discredits arguments made in support of believing in God. There is not one single thing in this world that we can know definitively without looking at the evidence. You have to look atRead More Everyman Essay635 Words   |  3 PagesEveryman â€Å"Everyman certainly fits the mold of a typical medieval mystery play. Ominously, the play begins with God perceiving how all creatures be to [Him] unkind. Men, it seems, commit the Seven Deadly Sins far too regularly, and their only concern seems to be their own pleasure. Angered by this casual manner humans have adopted toward Him, God decides a reckoning is in order. He summons his mighty messenger Death, eerily and effectively personified for the audience members. God

Essay Plan For An Inspector Calls Example For Students

Essay Plan For An Inspector Calls Who, in your opinion, is most responsible for the death of Eva smith? Use evidence from the text to justify your opinion. What reaction does Priestley intend the audience to have to the content of the play? How does he set about achieving them? Do you think he was successful? In class we have been reading J.B Prietleys An Inspector Calls Where a girl named Eva smith died by drinking a bottle of strong disinfectant which burnt her from the inside, it happens that a family had been celebrating an engagement on the same night and into the cosy and excited scene intrudes the harsh and mysterious figure of police inspector Goole questioning everybody in the room linked to the death. In my essay I will briefly explain how each of them caused her death and how under interrogation, every member reveal their shameful secrets. Arthur Birling, a rich factory owner in Bromley who was the first to be questioned by the inspector. He was someone who I noticed was quite opinionated and always had fixed ideas dont worry, we have passed the worst of and when he was speaking to the inspector he thought he had more authority than him so he should not be given that type of treatment I was a alderman for years and lord mayor two years ago and Im still on the bench Eva Smith worked for Mr. Birling in his factory and Mr. Birling thought she was ready for a promotion, until they came back from a summer break, a group of ladies formed a strike requesting for more payment and Eva Smith along with all the other workers got sacked, if not for that strike, Eva would have got a promotion A good worker too, in fact the Forman told me she was ready to be promoted into what we call a leading operating head of a small group of girls After Eva Smith was sacked, both her parents died and she had no place to stay She was out of work for two months, both her parents were dead, but she found work at a good place-milwards where she had enjoyed herself there and had no problems until the two female Birlings entered Sheila and her mother came into Milwards looking for clothes in which Mrs. Birling was choosing for Sheila, this made Sheila a bit angry and she was easily annoyed at this time when her mother brought out a hat that Shelia did not like so an assistant asked Eva to try it on and Eva looked better. Jealous and angry, Sheila tried the hat on once again, this time she thought she saw Eva laughing at her so complained and threatened Milwards, and as a result Eva was sacked and it was obvious that the real reason that Sheila got Eva sacked was because of jealousy, Shelia was jealous that Eva was prettier than her She was a very pretty girl too with big dark eyes and that didnt make it better. I think that Sheila is silly and easily annoyed, it was unnecessary to get Eva sacked for that silly reason, I think it also shows that Shelia is a very shallow and paranoid person. Gerald Croft, a rather attractive chap, about thirty, rather too Manley to be a dandy but the easy well bred young man about town. Gerald was celebrating hid engagement to Sheila Birling and all was going well until the inspector came, once he came Gerald learnt Shelias dreaded secret and then the inspector started on him. Daisy Renton was the name Gerald knew Eva Smith, he met her at a club when he took her to a posh restaurant and then took her home until he found out that she did not have a place to stay, so he lent her his friends house and kept checking on her, and as time went on he started using her for his own pleasures even though he knew there was no hope of marriage, later on, he told her about his engagement. .ufb369782b47a58d28b9b074095b3a01c , .ufb369782b47a58d28b9b074095b3a01c .postImageUrl , .ufb369782b47a58d28b9b074095b3a01c .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ufb369782b47a58d28b9b074095b3a01c , .ufb369782b47a58d28b9b074095b3a01c:hover , .ufb369782b47a58d28b9b074095b3a01c:visited , .ufb369782b47a58d28b9b074095b3a01c:active { border:0!important; } .ufb369782b47a58d28b9b074095b3a01c .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ufb369782b47a58d28b9b074095b3a01c { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ufb369782b47a58d28b9b074095b3a01c:active , .ufb369782b47a58d28b9b074095b3a01c:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ufb369782b47a58d28b9b074095b3a01c .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ufb369782b47a58d28b9b074095b3a01c .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ufb369782b47a58d28b9b074095b3a01c .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ufb369782b47a58d28b9b074095b3a01c .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ufb369782b47a58d28b9b074095b3a01c:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ufb369782b47a58d28b9b074095b3a01c .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ufb369782b47a58d28b9b074095b3a01c .ufb369782b47a58d28b9b074095b3a01c-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ufb369782b47a58d28b9b074095b3a01c:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: The communication aspects of the "Dead Poets Society" EssayOf course this was not the fault of her death, but It left Eva with emotional scars and left her depressed, he should feel very guilty for taking advantage of her I had to go away for several weeks on business and by that time Daisy knew it was coming to an end, so I broke it off definitely before I went. Mrs. Birling, the rich wife of Mr. Birling, she is just like him posh arrogant and opinionative, she also thinks that she is higher in authority. Mrs. Birling worked as a prominent member of the Brumley womens charity organization an organization that helps women in distress with various reasons. Eva Smith appealed to her organization after she found out she was pregnant but when she got there, she gave the name Mrs. Birling, Angrily; Mrs. Birling used her influence to get her restricted. I didnt like her manner; shed impertinently made use of our name. Moments after they restricted her, they told her to find the man responsible, later Mrs. Birling told the inspector this, the ironic twist of the scene entered, Mrs Birling spent a lot of time telling the inspector to find the man responsible and lock him up, make him publicly. And if you take some steps to find this young man and then make sure he is compelled to confess in public his responsibility. Mrs. Birling had said to lock up the young man responsible until Eric entered the house. Once young Eric entered the inspector immediately went to him and right away questioned him. Eric met Eva in a bar and took her home at that point Eric was drunk I was in the state when a chap easily turns nasty and threatened to make a row. When they were both indoors, Eric and Eva had sex and got Eva Pregnant. With Eric that was not the offence he had done, in order to support Eva, he had been stealing money from his dads office about fifty pounds, which in those days was a lot of money I insisted in giving her money to keep going in some ways Eric can be blame for taking advantage of her, but he did all he could to support her, and in my opinion all Eric is guilty for is taking advantage of a broken hearted girl.

Petroleum Industry Analysis free essay sample

Porters Five Forces: (Petroleum Industry) Supplier Power: Strong The equipment manufacturers are small in number, yet large in size. Therefore, a high demand from the oil and natural gas companies has naturally given them an advantageous position within the sector. Their highly diversified product portfolio has continued to emphasize their strong bargaining power with the oil and natural gas companies. Due to the specialized nature of the suppliers, finding an alternative supplier is difficult. This is probably why many oil and natural gas services companies have backward integrated their operations to reduce their supplier power. Buyer Power: Strong The buyers in this industry are individuals as well as institutions which enable only large purchases. The products in this industry such as crude oil or natural gas are relatively undifferentiated resulting which buyer can easily switch the supplier. Even, buyers are well knowing about suppliers, their prices and costs which makes buyer power strong to bargain. We will write a custom essay sample on Petroleum Industry Analysis or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Moreover, relative cost of product to total cost also makes buyer power strong in accordance to definition given by grant. Only, end number of buyers constituting individual and institutional in respect to significance of oil and gas weakens buyer power within the industry. Substitutes: Overall weak but growing Shifting to alternative resources of energy such as coal, solar, wind and nuclear is the always been a prime area of research in global energy sector. But being a costly and time consuming option it makes substitutes weak to replace oil and gas products in energy sector. Moreover non availability of transportation and issues concerns regarding safety and disposing of waste make it difficult to consider it as full option in energy sector. However, limited availability of oil and gas resources demands attention for the availability of substitutes in this sector. Threat of New Entrants: Weak Profitability in this sector is primarily achieved through economies of scale. The big names in the industry such as BP, Royal Dutch Shell and Exxon and Total are all large multinationals that are highly vertically integrated. The huge startup investments incurred and the permission from the national government to explore new fields is something that new entrants can’t easily overcome (Datamonitor, 2009). However, if profit margins within the sector grow, it could make itself lucrative for cash rich companies (Grant). Faced with ambitious climate change targets, many governments, especially in developed countries are urging for greener energy. This could result in new entrants who focus on providing greener energy (Oil Gas, 2011). Rivalry: Strong With huge fixed costs and high exit barriers, the competition within the industry is intense. This is further fueled by the fact that the major players have very few activities in alternative fields. â€Å"The extent to which a group of firms can avoid price competition in favor of collusive pricing practices depends on how similar they are in their origins, objectives, costs strategies. † (Grant – High competition in energy industry). By diversifying their scope of business beyond exploration, into refining and marketing of oil and natural gas, certain companies like Exxon are able to ease the forces of competition

Motivating employees Essay Example

Motivating employees Essay Example Motivating employees Essay Motivating employees Essay Motivating employees Name: Course: Institution: Instructor: Date: Outline Abstract Introduction Discussion Importance of motivation Ways of motivating employees Conclusion Abstract Employees are an important asset of a business. Their input determines the performance of a business. If employees have low input, the business is likely to perform poorly. If the employees give large amounts of output, the business will perform well. The business has a responsibility of motivating employees to maintain high levels of output. The human resource department is supposed to determine the possible ways of motivating employees and implementing them. Motivating employees plays a role in retaining employees in the business (Longenecker, 2010). Motivating employees Introduction Motivating employees depends on the nature of work and the needs of the employees. Studies have proved different employees are motivated differently. It is important for the management to understand how their employees become motivated. For instance, some employees prefer non-material rewards while others prefer monetary motivation. Motivating employees improves their discipline and reduces labor turnover. Motivation gives employees satisfaction and sense of belonging in the work place (Lauby, 2005). Discussion The most important motivation is a comfortable environment for working. Employees should have all the facilities they need to do their work. If they lack a good working environment, they will not utilize their full potential. Some of the employees will feel they are not exploiting their skills fully hence look for another job (Lauby, 2005). Relationship between management and employees must be smooth and professional. This is another important motivator for employees. It is difficult for employees to cope well with insolent and unreasonable managers. Business managers should adopt a leadership approach, which will motivate employees. For instance, they should initiate effective communication with the employees. They should learn their problem in the work place and look for solutions. Address the employees in way suggesting the management and employees are part of each other. There should be a culture of teamwork between the management and the employees. This aspect is significant in achieving success in the business. Employees who are free with their managers can approach them with any issues they have. This comfort motivates the employees in their work (Longenecker, 2010). The most common way of motivating employees is giving them an attractive salary. A large number of employees are attracted by big salaries. In today’s world, career people are advancing their education to get better bargain of salary. Research shows a large percentage of labor turnover since most of these employees are seeking jobs with better salaries. Businesses should offer their employees salaries according to their professional qualification. It will motivate and retain the employees in the business. A business loses a lot due to labor turn over (Silverstein, 2007). Training programs and workshops are suitable motivators. Employees get a chance of learning more and enhancing their skills. Enhancement of skills makes employees to feel competent and motivates them to work harder. It also enables them adjust to the changes in the work place. Guidance and counseling about topics like attitude in the work place, performance and other relevant is necessary. It makes employees understand their work and improve their attitude their attitude towards their work. They also acquire knowledge of different aspects of their duties (Lauby, 2005). Conclusion There are many other methods, which business owners could use to motivate their employees. A business should do everything possible to avoid labor turnover caused by lack of motivation to the employees. The business will lose time and production units for the absent employees. It will also incur expenses of recruiting and hiring other employees. This is why the management should ensure the employees have a good working environment. Motivation is directly proportional to employees output. Motivated employees will always have better output than demotivated employees will (Longenecker, 2010). Reference: Lauby, S. J., American Society for Training and Development. (2005). Motivating employees. Alexandria VA: American Society for Training Development. Longenecker, J. G. (2010). Small business management: Launching growing entrepreneurial ventures. Australia: South-Western Cengage Learning. Silverstein, B. (2007). Motivating employees. London: Collins.

Why You Should Say Thank You Instead of Sorry

Why You Should Say Thank You Instead of Sorry Most people say â€Å"sorry† or â€Å"I’m sorry† too often- women in particular. You’re probably aware of whether this is an issue for you. And yes, some situations do call for a true apology: if you bump into someone or you’re expressing sympathy, sorry away! Ditto if you’re expressing genuine regret for a mistake you made. But not all situations call for your apology! Over apologizing can lead others to doubt you or lose confidence in your abilities. Through her comics below, Yao Xiao suggests that you say ‘thank you’ instead. Check out the following comic and see how using â€Å"thank you† instead of â€Å"sorry† can have a much different effect. [Source: The Art of Yao Xiao]

Foreign policies of the European Union regarding military operations Essay

Foreign policies of the European Union regarding military operations - Essay Example prolonging to engage in WTO negotiations to attain an inspirational formula for dismantling of tariff structures, which are footed on its suggestion of a simple Swiss formula together with flexibilities that would fit into applied tariff. Further, EU will also examine further trade liberalisation mainly through sectoral approaches, which include goods of specific interest to developing nations and for chief EU precedence sectors, especially footwear, clothing and textiles, leather thereby directing to an intersection of market access norms among WTO members around the minimum potential stages of protection and dealing efficiently with non-tariff barriers. The truth is that EU converses with a â€Å"single voice† in trade which has facilitated it to impact the distributional results of international trade dialogues and to outline the global political economy. EU has made substantial efforts in liberalising the sway on trading of services on an international basis and has vigorously added to the development of global norms within the structure of WTO intended to stop unilateralism. As per Featherstone and Ginsberg, (1996) one of the most pivotal provinces that had been addressed by Europe’s common foreign policy is the traditional mutual relations by European member states with the USA which has added a European-US component connoting that relations with the US has mostly acknowledged by this transformation on the European side. Moreover, the European-US joint policies have more thoroughly synchronised and there have been many instances of mutual â€Å"backing.† (Tonra & Christiansen 2004:11). Further the association of EU with the Soviet Union and erstwhile Eastern Europe has been systematically reassessed and redesigned. Though the policies involving Eastern and Central Europe and the Soviet Union which were initiated in 1980s were conflicting during the initial years but after the Copenhagen Summit in June 1993, they were changed into a standpoint on EU’s

TD 4- HRM - 402 Delivering Training and Development Essay

TD 4- HRM - 402 Delivering Training and Development - Essay Example Following the amount of factual data and interpersonal skills needed, the blended learning method is the most suitable as each of the individual methods used contribute to more quality delivery of training and development. Since lengthy sessions are involved in delivering facts and developing skills, the rationale of choosing the blended learning method is to ensure that different learning levels are adapted as various departments within Wal-Mart require different levels of competency from different ranks of employees(United States Department of Labor, 2010), Guthrie, A. (2014). Wal-Mart International Head Sees Difficult Operating Environment. The Wall Street Journal. Accessed online on January 19, 2015 from http://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424052702303426304579403663162388876 United States Department of Labor. (2010). Best Practices for the Development, Delivery, and Evaluation of Susan Harwood Training Grants. Accessed online on January 19, 2015 from

Case for the Resurrection of Jesus Book Review Essay Example for Free

Case for the Resurrection of Jesus Book Review Essay Case for the Resurrection of Jesus By Gary R. Habermas, Michael R. Licona Zerrrouk (pen name) The Case for the Resurrection of Jesus, was written by Gary R. Habermas, and co-authored by Michael R. Licona. Haberma is a distinguished professor, and the chairman of Philosophy and Theology at Liberty University, in Virginia. Habermas, using a minimal amount of facts, gives a provoking argument for the historicity of the Jesus Christ’s resurrection. This book was not meant as a 100% sure way of proving the historicity of Jesus’ resurrection, as Haberma even admits, there is no way to prove for sure that it actually happened, but based on the information that he has compiled, he believes that it is completely and entirely probable. Habermas starts out this book by bring to light five historical facts that will accomplish his goal to provide provoking proof for the historicity of Jesus’ resurrection. First, he states the fact that Jesus died on the cross by crucifixion; secondly, that the disciples believed that Jesus had risen from the dead and had appeared before them as a bodily figure; thirdly, that Paul, as a former persecutor of Christians, was converted when he bet Jesus Christ; fourthly, that James was also converted in the same way that Paul was; and lastly, that the tomb was empty (although there were some theologians who have challenged this last point as an historical fact, therefore, not considered to be necessarily widely accepted as the other four points). With these five facts, Habermas includes a wealth of scholarly research to back up his main thesis and argument. In my general opinion, I found the second-last chapter of this book to be the most interesting. In a neutral and non-argumentative fashion, Habermas has focused this chapter on giving insight, for teaching Christians how to engage non-believers on the topic of Jesus’ resurrection. He includes how, as Christians, we must be Christ-like in our approach towards non-believers; by talking through love, humility, truth, and passion; and that we must avoid being argumentative in our approach, or else we lose the audience that we are trying to minister to by creating conflict. I found this book to be very useful for many different things. This has an excellent source to use in Christian apologetics and evangelism, by using Habermas’ non-conflict approach. He has articulated a very clear and resourceful account of Jesus’ resurrection, without pushing too much facts upon the reader so that he would not lose their attention, or automatically have them conclude that Jesus was never resurrected; therefore, he avoided very eschatological sourcing and arguments. He stuck to this focus from the beginning of the book, and he carried on with it throughout the entirety. Lastly, this book is an excellent source for people who do not acknowledge the Bible as an authoritative piece of writing.

The Character of Athena in Homers Odyssey :: Homer Odyssey womody

The Charater of Athene in Homer's Odyssey In "The Odyssey", Athene helped Odysseus numerous ways physically and mentally by aiding him, Telemachus, and Penelope. In book I, Athene urged Telemachus to give up boyhood, act like a man, present his case to search for his father to the assembly, and take stronger steps to search for his father. After Telemachus presented his case to the assembly and no action was taken on his request for a ship to enable him to search for his father, Telemachus prayed to Athene for help. In response to his prayer, Athene appeared as Mentor and borrowed a ship and crew for Telemachus. Athene also helped Telemachus by appearing to him in a dream, urging him to return to Ithaca and warning him about the ambush of the suitors. Athene helped Penelope numerous way also. Athene helped her by comforting her so she would not go into a nervous break down over all her stress, the suitors and Odysseus returning or not. Athene gave Penelope hope of Odysseus returning. Athene even made Penelope appear more beautiful than she really was, because Penelope was actually really ragged. Athene also helped Penelope by giving her a dream of gulls, representing the suitors, and an eagle, representing Odysseus, killing the gulls. Athene helped Odysseus numerous ways as well. She helped by persuading the gods to free Odysseus from Calypso. Athene even helped Odysseus by telling Naussicaa to do her laundry at the beach and telling her to help the man she meets. So when Odysseus came to shore he was ugly and he scared the other women on the beach away, except Nausicaa. Nausicaa washed Odysseus up, gave him clothes, and told him how to act when they return to her place. As they were going to Naussicaa's place Athene made Odysseus invisible so the guards would not see him and Athene made Odysseus look better by making him look taller, stronger, and giving him more hair on his head. Athene also helped Odysseus by counseling him on how to handle the suitors, and she disguises him as an old begger so no one will recognize him immediatly. Athene later restores Odysseus to his own form when he reveals himself to his son and together after twenty years they plan a vengeance on Penelopes wooers.

Mass Media Essay

The mass media are diversified media technologies that are intended to reach a large audience by mass communication. The technologies through which this communication takes place varies. Broadcast media such as radio, recorded music, film and television transmit their information electronically. Print media use a physical object such as anewspaper, book, pamphlet or comics,[1] to distribute their information. Outdoor media is a form of mass media that comprises billboards, signs or placards placed inside and outside of commercial buildings, sports stadiums, shops and buses. Other outdoor media include flying billboards (signs in tow of airplanes), blimps, and skywriting.[2] Public speaking and event organising can also be considered as forms of mass media.[3] The digital media comprises both Internet and mobile mass communication. Internet media provides many mass media services, such as email, websites, blogs, and internet based radio and television. Many other mass media outlets have a presence on the web, by such things as having TV ads that link to a website, or distributing a QR Code in print or outdoor media to direct a mobile user to a website. In this way, they can utilise the easy accessibility that the Internet has, and the outreach that Internet affords, as information can easily be broadcast to many different regions of the world simultaneously and cost-efficiently. The organizations that control these technologies, such as television stations or publishing companies, are also known as the mass media. INTERNET The Internet is a global network connecting millions of computers. More than 100 countries are linked into exchanges of data, news and opinions. According to Internet World Stats, as of December 31, 2011 there was an estimated 2,267,233,742 Internet users worldwide. The number of Internet users represents 32.7 percent of the world’s population. Unlike online services, which are centrally controlled, the Internet is decentralized by design. Each Internet computer, called a host, is independent. Its operators can choose which Internet services to use and which local services to make available to the global Internet community. Remarkably, this anarchy by  design works exceedingly well. There are a variety of ways to access the Internet. Most online services offer access to some Internet services. It is also possible to gain access through a commercial Internet Service Provider (ISP). The Internet has become impossible to ignore in the past two years. Even people who do not own a computer and have no opportunity to â€Å"surf the net† could not have missed the news stories about the Internet, many of which speculate about its effects on the ever-increasing number of people who are on line. Why, then, have communications researchers, historically concerned with exploring the effects of mass media, nearly ignored the Internet? With 25 million people estimated to be communicating on the Internet, should communication researchers now consider this network of networks 1 a mass medium? Until recently, mass communications researchers have overlooked not only the Internet but the entire field of computer-mediated communication, staying instead with the traditional forms of broadcast and print media that fit much more conveniently into models for appropriate research topics and theories of mass communication. However, this paper argues that if mass communications re searchers continue to largely disregard the research potential of the Internet, their theories about communication will become less useful. Not only will the discipline be left behind, it will also miss an opportunity to explore and rethink answers to some of the central questions of mass communications research, questions that go to the heart of the model of source-message-receiver with which the field has struggled. This paper proposes a conceptualization of the Internet as a mass medium, based on revised ideas of what constitutes a mass audience and a mediating technology. The computer as a new communication technology opens a space for scholars to rethink assumptions and categories, and perhaps even to find new insights into traditional communication technologies. This paper looks at the Internet, rather than computer-mediated communication as a whole, in order to place the new medium within the context of other mass media. Mass media researchers have traditionally organized themselves around a specific communications medium. The newspaper, for instance, is a more precisely defined area of interest than printing-pres s-mediated communi- cation, which embraces more specialized areas, such as company brochures or wedding  invitations. Of course, there is far more than a semantic difference between conceptualizing a new communication technology by its communicative form than by the technology itself. The tradition of mass communication research has accepted newspapers, radio, and television as its objects of study for social, political, and economic reasons. As technology changes and media converge, those research categories must become flexible.

CAD/USD Exchange Rate

The Canadian dollar has significantly appreciated against the U. S. dollar since the beginning of 2000. The CAD/USD exchange rate (currency in USD) increased from 0. 686 to 1. 015 as of March 18, 2011. There was a trend of CAD appreciation in 2003-2008, followed by a rapid depreciation in the second half of 2008. Since the beginning of 2009, CAD has risen sharply and has been trading about at par with USD for the last two years. The recent CAD appreciation was caused by a number of factors and lead to certain economic consequences, which are discussed next. Causes of the Canadian Dollar Appreciation Appreciation of the Canadian dollar in the last years can be explained by internal factors, such as performance of Canadian economy and interest rates, and external factors, such as commodity prices and weakness of the U. S. economy. State of Canadian economy. Canada has been quickly recovering from the recent recession. For the year 2010, real GDP grew 3. 1%, following a decline of 2. 5% in 2009. Strong economy makes Canada an attractive target for investors who seek secure returns. This raises the demand for the Canadian currency and, therefore, pushes the exchange rate upward. This argument is supported by the exchange rate fluctuations in the above graph. The Canadian dollar was rising as the economy began to recover in the late 2009. State of the U. S. economy. Rise in CAD/USD exchange rate can be largely attributed to depreciation of the U. S. dollar. The U. S. dollar has historically been a safe investment target for many investors. However, now this situation is changing and demand for the currency is falling. The U. S. economy has been facing serious difficulties in the recent years. The country’s trade deficit was almost $500 billion in 2010, a 33% increase from 2009. The U. S. s also the world largest borrower with a $4,453 billion of foreign debt. Weak economy and high uncertainty are turning investors away from the American dollar, which is supported by its depreciation against other major currencies. Commodity prices. As Canada is a large producer and exporter of raw materials, the Canadian dollar is strongly affected by commodity prices. Many commodity prices, especially gold and copper, have been rising recently, making the associated industries more profitable and strengthening the Canadian economy. Strong economy, in turn, attracts more investor, and the Canadian dollar appreciated due to increased demand. Interest rate differentials. The U. S. Federal Reserved has lowered the interest rate to current 0. 25% since 2008 in order to stimulate the economic growth. Canada currently has a higher interest rate of 1% and thus attracts more investors for its short-term assets. Demand for the Canadian dollar increases and puts an upward pressure on the exchange rate. Consequences of the Canadian Dollar Appreciation Effect on trade. The exchange rate has an important impact on Canadian trade performance, especially with its largest trading partner, the U. S. The Canadian economy significantly relies on its export activity, but stronger Canadian dollar makes the country’s exports more expensive to foreigners and can decrease the trading volume. According to Statistics Canada, exports to the U. S. fell in 2009 by 36. 4%. Exports then increased slightly in 2010, but still the amount was around C$73. 6 billion under the 2008 level. To prevent their exports from falling and keep their market share, Canadian companies have to lower their price and sacrifice some profit. However, decline in exports should not be attributed only to the currency appreciation. The U. S. economical health and trade agreements also affect the trading activity between two countries. On the other side, Canadian importers benefit from the currency appreciation. Canadian manufacturers can acquire materials, machinery and equipment at a lower cost, which leads to increased capital investment and productivity growth. Thus, strong currency is harmful to exporters and beneficial to importers. The dollar appreciation decreases Canadian export and increases imports, which negatively affects the trade balance and lower GDP’s growth. However, lower import costs offset negative consequences of export decline, and the total effect of the currency appreciation becomes muted. Effect on industries and provinces. Not all industries are affected evenly by the currency appreciation. Manufacturers that heavily depend on exports of their production are affected the most. Such industries include forestry, transportation equipment, and machinery. Imported inputs, however, should also be taken into account when assessing the total effect of the appreciation. Industries that use high imported content in their production are less hurt by the rising dollar. For example, transportation equipment industry highly depends on export, but it also has high ratio of imports to production and can profit from cheaper imports. On the contrary, industries that heavily rely on exports but use low foreign content in production, such as forestry, are affected most adversely. The same logic applies to Canadian provinces. Highly export-oriented provinces such as Ontario, Quebec and British Columbia are influenced significantly by the currency appreciation. Effect on unemployment. Rising Canadian dollar makes labour costs comparatively higher and increase the total production costs in export-oriented industries. Profit margin falls, and manufacturers decrease their labour force. They also add more machinery and equipment as the imported capital become more attractive due to the appreciating dollar. For example, in 2010, manufacturing sector experienced a loss of 37,000 jobs compared to 2009. This decrease in employment can be partially explained by the stronger dollar. Effect on productivity. Stronger Canadian dollar can have a positive impact on the country’s productivity. Productivity greatly affects the country’s living standard. Improved productivity results in higher output, profits, wages and, eventually, the standard of living. As exchange rate increases, Canadian output becomes relatively less competitive in international markets, and domestic companies start to lose their profits. Competition among manufacturers gets more intense, and companies try to retain their profits by increasing their productivity through investment in more efficient machinery and equipment. Companies’ capital to labour ratio rises due to lower cost of imported equipment, and increased use of capital leads to improved productivity in the long run. With lower exchange rate, Canadian firms are more profitable and have more money for capital investment, but with stronger dollar, imported capital and materials become relatively cheaper. On the other hand, higher exchange rate makes Canada less attractive for foreign direct investment because of relatively higher labour costs. The extent of this effect is limited, but the country still loses potential productivity gains. It is important for Canada to increase its productivity and relative competitiveness for the long-run strengthening of the economy in order to make the effects the currency appreciation less severe. To conclude, the appreciation of the Canadian dollar caused by a number of factors has a considerable effect on the country’s trade balance, industries, employment and productivity. However, these causes and consequences should not be considered in isolation but rather interdependently, and fundamentals such as economic performance of Canada or the U. S. should be taken into account.

biology and human evolution essays

biology and human evolution essays The earliest human life form can be traced back more than 3.5 billion years ago. Humans are said to be descendants of a single celled ancestor. Although they are different in size and shape all basic functions are alike. The more complex the organization of the cell became the more successful and developed it became. As these single celled organisms developed they became known as pre-humans. We share many characteristics with these pre-humans. Some of these characteristics include the masters of heredity DNA and RNA as well as proteins composed of amino acids, membranes or bound cells and lastly controlled cell division or mitosis, key to the daughter cells. The diversity of kingdoms is arranged into kingdoms that classify organisms from simple to complex. The traditional five kingdoms are Prokaryote, Protoctista, Fungi, Plantae, and Anamalia. Prokaryote is a bacterium that lacks nuclear membrane. Protoctista is a heterogeneous grouping that combines a great diversity of forms. Fungi are known for being important agents of composition they include yeast and mushroom. Plantae, are categorized as plants that use sunlight to convert to energy. Lastly Anamalia, Anamalial members are multicellular and fully mobile, they obtain their nutrients from other living things. Humans are hierarchically classified into a series of increasingly specific groups. They range from the Kingdom Animalia to the Genus Homo, the Homo Sapiens appears to be its only living representative Over a considerably large span of geological time life on earth has changed drastically. Humans and their close relatives are the most recent arrivals in the Tertiary period. The periods range Precambrian which was over 56 million years ago to Quaternary which was 1.8 million years ago to present. In this chart you will be able to see all periods ranging from Precambrian to Quaternary. (MILLIONS OF YEARS) SOME IMPORTANT EVENTS IN THE HISTORY OF LIFE 65 Apelik...

Writing Prompts for Paragraphs

Writing Prompts for Paragraphs Use the following topic sentences as prompts to help you discover fresh images, examples, and narrative details. Following the guidelines in parenthesis, rely on your imagination and experience to develop each idea in a paragraph of at least four or five sentences. The van swerved across three lanes of traffic and headed straight for the front door of the pizza parlor.(What happened next?) A good parent provides discipline as well as affection.(Explain why or give examples.) People who value their privacy probably shouldnt be on Facebook.(Use specific examples to explain why.) With a tambourine in one hand, Merdine clambered onto the roof of her trailer during the thunderstorm.(What did she do there?) To discourage burglars from entering your house or apartment, you need to take a number of precautions.(Recommend some specific precautions.) Certain movies and TV programs reflect the violent times we live in.(Offer some examples.) Ill never forget how I felt on my first day in this classroom.(Describe your feelings.) As my friend and I crept down the dark hallway of the old abandoned house, we heard the floorboards creak and the wind whistle through the cracked glass in the window frames.(What happened next?) A good teacher can help you get thro ugh even the most difficult course.(Give examples to demonstrate how this is so.) In many small ways we can all help to protect the environment.(Offer some specific examples.) NEXT:50 Quick Writing Prompts

Auditing Accounts Receivable Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Auditing Accounts Receivable - Essay Example Supporting documentation can include a receipt of purchase, check numbers, and invoices just to name a few. Such analytical procedures to verify existence assertions would be bank reconciliations and cash flow analyses. Without the documentation and analytical procedures to support financial transactions, the accuracy of the accounts receivable will not be strong and this will greatly overstate or understate each account. To correct this, the existence and rights assertions are necessary to audit each account and verify that each transaction recorded has been recorded accurately and within the specified time period. The payroll cycle is a common source of frustration for an accounting and auditing department because of the myriad errors and cases of fraud that can take place. Employees may turn in fraudulent time sheets that state they have worked more or less hours than were actually completed. Supervisors may not adequately review all time sheet data and it may be passed through the payroll cycle without ever being checked for accuracy. Furthermore, employees can sometimes create ghost employee records where payroll is paid to an employee that does not exist and costs the company thousands of dollars in unnecessary payroll expenses. Separation of duties is a common control method utilized by accounting and payroll professionals to detect payroll errors and catch fraudulent activity before it ever truly becomes an issue. For instance, companies are encourage to â€Å"have a minimum of two employees review bank statements and returned checks every month. Also, divide Payroll duties so differen t people are responsible for approving time sheets, entering hours worked data, distributing paychecks, etc.† (Bilski, 2010). Having multiple people fill specific duties throughout the payroll cycle will have an adequate set of controls in place to

Elaborate sustainable solutions on how to reduce construction waste Essay

Elaborate sustainable solutions on how to reduce construction waste during construction sites in United Arab Emirates - Essay Example and materials which are stored at the construction site are not always stored in the proper manner and as such, cause problems with regards to the performance of the workers and the use of the surrounding amenities. Most of the construction area pollution is being caused by activities such as drilling, piling, cement mixing, etc. which generate immeasurable dust stemming from the construction activities at various locations which utilize machinery in the mixing and exhausting of materials. With dust being pointed to as the major cause of air pollution, it has become quite evident that the chemicals and fuels necessary to proceed with the project need to be considered in terms of storage and use in order to lessen its harmful effects, discomfort, and air pollution at the site . Co2 emissions are normally traced back to the maachinery and stored materials. Over time these emissions affect not only the environment, but the moral of the workers whose productivity is directly tied in with their sick days. More sick days on their part often results on delayed project completion. Due to these aforementioned reasons, it is quite obvious that proper storage, organization, and regulations must be implemented at the construction sites fortheir materials, components, and machinery which can help to lower the pollution generated during the construction period. The sound pollution created by the vibration of the machinery and vehicles at the construction site due to the haphazard use of the equipment or low quality of construction materials used. The soil and heavy materials that move around at the site cause a vibration which create noise that can adversely affect the health and hearing of the workers. As such, a variety of building related illnesses can be noted during this span of time among the workers. Unfortunately, the noise cannot be avoided because of the size of the machinery used and large scale vibration that it creates. However, the noise pollution can be managed

Preparing for Old Age Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Preparing for Old Age - Essay Example James Henry was born in a family who struggled a lot financially. His parents were mere farmers who lost a lot of their earthly possessions during the â€Å"Dust Bowl† phenomenon. Being the fifth child, he only heard about their glory days when life was good and seemed promising. He only saw how difficult it had been for his parents and siblings to make things bearable. Mr. Henry says he also had to make a lot of sacrifices himself for him to help the family in their problem. As a young child, he helped his parents in the fields whenever he can and however he can. He learned to work hard even at a tender age especially during summer vacations. For him, it was quite easy to accept such kind of life then because they had few neighbors and most of them are not his friends anyway. Although there was this particular child whom he envied because they had a nice house and car and he was always dressed well, he never had strong feelings against his circumstances. As a matter of fact, he enjoyed helping his parents and siblings because their work time became their bonding time. They have strong relationships despite their financial struggles. Being the youngest in the family, Mr. Henry supposes he saw more of his parents’ hardships when they grew old. He says that when his brothers and sisters married, he was left alone to attend to his parents who started having problems of being old such as getting sick and weak.

Crimson tide and the aspects of leadership

Crimson tide and the aspects of leadership The film is based on the time period when there was imbalance in Russia. Russian rebel truehearted to their leader had obtained dominance over the installation of some nuclear missile and they are threatening thermonuclear warhead if the Russian government or Americans tried to confront him. In attempt to watch over the delegation, the United States ordered the USS Alabama: a nuclear submarine to be ready to take any action to sustain the strike. Among the Alabama submarine crew was Captain Frank Ramsey, who was the commanding officer and among the very few commanders remaining in the Navy with experience in combat. He chooses Lieutenant Commander Ron Hunter, who was highly educated when it comes to military history and maneuver, however had no experience regarding combat as the Executive Officer (Second in Command). During their embark at sea, latent hostility arose between Ramsey and Hunter due to indifferent personalities, Hunter was more analytic and conservative towards his mission and the men and as for Ramsey, he was more hotheaded, fly-by-the-seat-of-his-pants go about. A satellite report came through to the Americans that the Russians who got the nuclear installation were fueling the missiles, and the Alabama was ordered to plunge its missiles to those Russians. A second message came through for Alabama to disable their missiles, but unfortunately the message was not received by the crew after the communication unit was badly destroyed by the Russian submarine attack. The Alabama was too deep to restore communication and had just been hit and there was an outstanding order to launch the missiles, thus Captain Ramsey opted to continue with the order they had at the time which was authenticated. Hunter on the other hand was against the missile launch and tried to win over support from Rams ey to confirm the second message before proceeding with the launch, because he had hope that it was possibly an abjuration of the previous command. Hunter argued that even if they launched the missiles later than expected other US submarines in the area would proceed with the mission as per the fleets redundancy protocol measures. As the situation in the command became intense, Ramsey presents Hunter as an upstart graduate from Harvard who does not honor his place in the chain of command. There came a point where Ramsey wanted to excuse Hunter from being a Second in Command, just because Hunter was still against the launch of the missiles. Instead Ramsey was arrested in the attempt to outsmart the protocols regarding the launch of the nuclear. The Chief of the Boat agreed with Hunter and proceeded with the arrest of Ramsey though they were old friends, and he was taken from the Con and locked in his bedroom. Though the Alabama crew was shaken order was retained. The Russian submarine re-emerged just as Hunter was undertaking the effort to corroborate the second message concerning the missile launch. An underwater combat resulted and the Russian submarine was destroyed, and unfortunately the Alabama got damaged badly. The ship lost its communications, deaths of several crew members were encountered, and the boat nearly sank past its crush depth which resulted from the water which had entered into the boat after the hit from the combat with the Russians. As Hunter was waiting for the communications to be reestablished, some officers who were loyal to the Captain left the Con altogether. With the help of the loyal officers, Ramsey managed to get out of the place where he was held in attempt to present Hunter with charges of rebellion, placing the Executive Officer and officers who served with him under arrest. The launching of the missiles was nearly successful hadnt it been for the weapon officer who was persuaded to stall or delay Ramsey, whi le Hunter was in the mission of recapturing the bridge, among him was his main drafted staff officers. In the end, a tie resulted, thus the officers who had disputes agreed to wait until the last potential second to plunge the missiles. At long last the communications were up to speed and it was discovered that the Russian army had stabilized the situation and the Russian rebellions had been subjugated, thus no need to continue with the order of launching Americans missiles. At the end of the movie, a review took place at Pacific Fleet headquarters in Hawaii where various admirals conveyed serious concerns about the collapse of command which took place in the Alabama and during the wartime concerning the launching of the nuclear missiles. Ramsey finally decided to withdraw from the Navy and advocated Hunter for the command. The two men (Hunter and Ramsey) settled their disputes at the end of the film. WHO IS/ARE THE LEADERS IN THE MOVIE There are two main leaders namely: Gene Hackman playing Captain Frank Ramsey: an old white male, navy veteran, probably in his fiftys. Denzel Washington playing Lieutenant Commander Ron Hunter: a young African-American male fresh off Harvard University. THE LEADER (S)S ROLE IN THE MOVIE Lieutenant Commander Hunter played a number of roles in the Crimson tide film which included him being in the submarine to make sure that Captain Ramsey made the correct choices, for example, the launching of the nuclear missiles. Looking at the situation, Ramsey was going to go ahead and launch the missiles without confirming the second message which was interrupted by the damage from the Russian rebels. Going through with the launch of the missiles would have caused a nuclear warhead which was prevented due to Hunters judgment. Also Hunter played a role of being a complementary leader towards Ramsey, that is, he provided certain leadership aspects which Ramsey lacked. Those aspects includes, Hunter being a motivator, in the film we concluded that Ramsey was a strict and arrogant leader who never motivated his crew, but with the influence from Hunter, Ramsey gave a motivational speech after the crew restored all operations after the Russian attack. The other aspect that Ramsey lacke d was compassion towards his crew, but Hunter stepped in and showed compassion to his fellow submarines after a few crew members lost their lives in the lower compartment in the boat. Last but not least, Ramsey was impatient, he could not wait for the communication unit to restore their systems for the second message to come through and insisted on proceeding with the missile launch, whereas Hunter possessed that ability and was willing to put on hold the idea of going ahead with the order at hand (of launching the nuclear missiles). Hunters choice to wait turned out to be the best choice because if it has not been for him, the Alabama attack would have cause the start of a nuclear war. On the other hand, Ramseys roles included testing the loyalty of the boats crew, that is, had he not been there none of the conflicts between him and Hunter would not have arose, and there would not have been a time where the officers in charge had to choose sides over the boats authority. Officers choosing sides made confirmation on who was following the right protocol in the launch of the nuclear missiles, for examples, the crew under Ramsey just followed the protocol to some extent and ignored the one which was to confirm what the second command said before going ahead with the previous order, whereas the ones under Hunter did everything buy the books. Also Ramseys purpose was to make sure that everyone was prepared in case of a combat with the rebels. To support that, he carried down a number of drills in the boat during their journey at sea to ensure that everyone stayed focused no matter what, also before they left the base and while they were on the ship he made a few speeches about the situation at hand, and one of the speech when like this, we are here to preserve democracy, not to practice it. EXPLAIN THE CONTEXT FOR EACH INCIDENT RELATING TO LEADERSHIP ASPECTS IN THE SYNOPSIS INCIDENTS WITHING THE MOVIE INVOLVING THE LEADER(S) There were a number of incidents that took place during the mission to Russia within the USS Alabamas crew that involved either Hunter or Ramsey or both of them, below are some of those incidents: There was a time when two of the crew members got into a fight over comic books, at the time Hunter was only a few feet away from the two men but could see what was happening. When the two were stopped by one of the crew members, Hunter pulled the other one involved in the fight (the supervisor) aside and tried to understand the cause of the fight, and when he fully understood what the quarrel was all about he advised the supervisor that in cases of quarrels he should know how to handle the situation since he was also a leader and should lead by example. The supervisor promised to handle disputes better next time, and was once again calm and proceeded to his assigned post. The other incident involving one of the leaders was when Hunter rushed down to the kitchen during the fire to try and sustain the situation. This is a sign that he does not interact with the crew during times of issuing commands only, he came to an aid of his followers whereas Ramsey was busy launching a drill and not caring about what Hunter had to say about the fire downstairs. INCIDENTS AND THE LEADER(s)S INTERACTION WITHIN THE CONTEXT OF THE MOVIE Ramsey was a blind follower, he did almost everything without questioning whereas Hunter was the opposite of that (he followed orders but he did question the authority where he felt it necessary). One example which comes to mind is where they were discussing about war, Ramsey felt that when it came to war if there was a threat made, the only action or measures to be taken was to attack first, he was more of a shoot first and ask questions later type of person. On the other hand, Hunter thought that attacking the opposition party in war would make the situation worse, as he believed that, in a nuclear world, true enemy cannot be destroyed as the true enemy is war itself. The second incident where the two leaders interacted was when the Alabama was hit and the second message which was to be received aboard from the headquarters was interrupted. When the boat was stable from the hit, Captain Ramsey wanted to proceed with the order at hand which was to continue with the launching of the nuclear missiles. But Hunter being the Executive Officer he refused to concur the order because they were unsure of what the incoming message said and a huge argument arose. The argument led to Ramsey wanting to relieve Hunter of his duty, but due to some regulations, Hunter managed to turn the tables and had Ramsey removed from the Con to his stateroom by the Chief of the Boat. This incident shows that both men are firm in what they each believe in. For example, Ramsey is more concerned about the worst that could happen if they are not able to continue with the missile launch well on time, i.e. before the Russian rebels launch the attack, while Hunter is concerned about the worst that could happen if they actually do proceed with the launching while there is no longer a threat from the Russian rebels. Both men were not about to be deterred from their logic regarding the matter, in which both were respectively right in their own ways. Last but not least, was the incident which took place in the kitchen. There was a fire in the kitchen and while Hunter was busy maintain the situation downstairs, Ramsey decided on carrying out a drill, and Hunter being the second in command had to rush back upstairs to the Con to repeat the order. When he got there he tried to explain to the Captain that is not a good time to be running the drill as the situation in the kitchen was still in the process of being fully contained, but captain being a suborn man, he dismissed Hunters complaint and continued with the drill. He later met with Hunter at his stateroom and told him that the next time he wanted to question him, he should not do it in front of the crew, that he should wait for the right time (when they are alone) to present the matter at hand. But later on Ramsey shouted at Hunter in front of the crew in the Con, which shows that Ramsey only comply by the books where the rules favors him only. Also, this shows that Ramsey show little or no concern over his crew members as he carried out the drill though there was fire downstairs. KNOW YOUR LEADER(S)S BEHAVOUR AND CHARACTERISTICS In this part we will be looking at the different and similar leadership characteristics that Hunter and Ramsey possess either bad or good. Commander Hunter Caution: this can be defined as showing careful forethought. This is illustrated in the film where Hunter gave Rivetti the keys to the officers stateroom and other cabins in case Ramsey and his men were to lock them up, and it did happen. Hunter and his officers were arrested and Rivetti came to their rescue. Optimistic: is expecting or presenting the best possible outcome in a given solution. Hunter displays this characteristic when the second message was interrupted. He refused to agree with Ramsey to continue launching the nuclear missiles because he was expecting the good news from the headquarters, and indeed the results came up positive, that they should abort the previous mission. NaÃÆ'Â ¯ve: Not initiated; deficient in relevant experience. Ramsey and other officers who were loyal to him believed that Hunter was not experienced enough to make the decisions regarding the combat. Well, partly that was true because he had no practical experience in the field; all he knew was what he read in the military books. Nevertheless, he managed to sustain all the possible distractions in the boat. Ambitious: Having a strong desire for success or achievement or requiring full use of your abilities or resources. This is true for Hunter because he wanted to know what the second message was saying, and he made sure that he did. He made it his number one priority to make sure of it, he kept calling Vossler to confirm the progress on the communications. He had hardship in making sure that those communications were working, he was even hit by Ramsey but he did not give up on the communication, at long last Ramsey gave them a time frame to fix the communications. At long last a transmission came true and the message was received and a new order/mission was read which was to stop the missile launch. Captain Ramsey Overconfident: it is a good sign for a leader to be confident (being positive), but as for Ramsey he happen to be very confident which happens to be a bad aspect because overconfident can blind a leaders ability to think twice. This is illustrated in the film, where he did not give a second thought to stopping the missiles, even after Hunter presented him with many reasons not to continue with the order at hand; he ignored then and went ahead with the launch. Hadnt he had been overconfident; he would have took the time to review Hunters suggestions. Impatient: can be defined as full of eagerness, Captain Ramsey was a very impatient man, he was keen to proceeding with order or anything he felt was right at the time. For example, even after the fire in the kitchen he was eager to proceed with the drill even after being told of the situation downstairs, just because he had planned for that drill and did not want to wait until the situation with the fire was fully maintained. The other incident was when he just wanted to continue with the nuclear missile launch, even after the boat had just been hit and the incoming message was interrupted. He wanted to proceed with the launch with confirming the second message. Unpredictable: Not capable of being foretold. With Ramsey no one could actually tell what his next step would be. For example, first time he met with Hunter it was like the two would get along just fine, but when they got to the ship his attitude towards Hunter changed from time to time until the time he made it clear that he was not keen of him because he did not have any experience about the combat, and because unlike him, he had to work hard to obtain that position while Hunter got it because he was a Harvard graduate. The other example is when lost his temper towards Hunter and shouted at him in front of the crew, meanwhile he asked Hunter not to address him in front of the crew. Strict: Incapable of compromise or flexibility. Captain Ramsey was not keen to any suggestions or advises, he wanted to do things his own way only. DESCRIBE AND DISCUSS WHY THE LEADERSHIP BEHAVIOUR WAS EFFECTIVE OR INEFFECTIVE Effective: Exerting force or influence Ineffective: Lacking the ability or skill to perform effectively; inadequate LEADERSHIP BEHAVIOURS TASK ORIENTED A task-oriented leader is focused on accomplishments and if the leader is able to show the skills and commitment to his followers, obtaining a specific task wont be a difficult matter. That is, if the supervisor was to lead by example in doing a task I believe his followers would not hesitate to do the same, for example, during the fire in the kitchen, Hunter rushed there in an attempt to save the personnel that were inside and others did likewise. If he had not been there no one would have risked his life to go into the fire especially after they were told by others that it was too hot, but nevertheless Hunter just went right inside. Another example is when Lt Paul Hellerman was ordered to close the hatch. There was a time when he was hesitating to follow the order, but Hunter paused and put himself in Hellermans shoes (how he must have felt thinking about leaving his man to die down there) and tried to talk to him bravely that if he did not close the hatch, the whole crew would go down with the submarine rather than if he close the hatch and only a few are lost. After a short period of time Hellerman decided to close the hatch to save others so as for them to continue with the mission. RELATION ORIENTED A relationship oriented leaders focus on the relationships among the teams members. This can be indicated in the film where Ramsey talked to his officer to gather other officers so they could go and restore control over the Con. Another example is when Hunter was lenient toward Rivetti after his encounter with another crew member , just being lenient made Rivetti to have respect towards Hunter and trust him, which was why he came to Hunters rescue (because of the relationship they just built during that short time). In general Commander Hunter had a friendly relationship with almost half of the boats crew, and with those relationships they all helped him to accomplish his mission, hadnt he been friendly and understanding none of them would have come to his rescue. PARTICIPATIVE ORIENTED A participative oriented leader relies mostly in the leader being/ operating as an implementer rather than just issuing order or making assignments. If we look at the Captain we could conclude that he was not a participative leader because there is not even one incident where he actually got involved in any of the tasks carried out in the boat. CHANGE AGENT CAPABILITIES Reflecting back to the movie, I would say both leaders did not have any change capability because both men had strong believes in their actions, they were firm in what they each believed in. neither Ramsey nor Hunter wanted to change his way of operating. One of the examples is when Hunter thought it would be best if the Captain acknowledged the crew for their hard work and commitment in obtained order after the hit, but the captain gave a speech he would give any other day., which shows that he was not willing to change his style just for a minutes. Another example involves Hunter, as mentioned above, he was keen to questioning authority where he felt necessary but there were a few occasions when Ramsey wanted him to just perform orders at hand without questioning, but due to the fact that he was not used to that, he refused to accommodate that thought. With this kind of attitude we could conclude that the leaders were ineffective because they could not agree in one aspect, they alw ays wanted things to be done their ways, they never compromised. IDENTIFY AND EXPLAIN ATLEAST TWO DIFFERENT INCIDENTS INVOLVING THE SAME LEADER(S). IF THE INCIDENTS INVOLVE TWO INDIVIDUALS/ A GROUP MAKING A DECISION, LEADERSHIP BEHAVIOUR BY THE DIFFERENT INDIVIDUAL CAN BE IDENTIFIED EXECUTIVE SUMMARY OF THE TWO DIFFERENT SELECTED INCIDENTS The two incidents that have been chosen are when a group of officers met outside the weapon unit on how they were going to rescue the captain from his hold-up place, and the one where Hunter and his officers were locked up in the officers cabinet. INVOLVEMENT OF THE SELECTED LEADER(s) WITHIN THE INCIDENT AND MAKING DECISION WITHIN THE TEAM, GROUP AND INDIVIDUAL Regarding the case where Hunter and other officers were locked up, Hunter was involved in the decision making that took place in the cabinet which was how to get full control over the Con. He planned for Rivetti to come and rescue them, and after that he asked him to gather a number of trusted crew members who would help in their mission. After the gathering and acquiring of the weapons and uniforms, he drew up a strategic way of how they could access the Captain Key and stop the launch of the missiles without being disrupted. In the second incident, Captain Ramsey had a conversation with one of his trusted officer to help him escape from his stateroom and obtain back his post from Hunter. They concluded that the best option was to recruit a few officers involving Webs who was a friend to the Commander. The officer carried out the order and the 4 officers helped the captain escape and selected the few that were loyal to Hunter and put all of them under arrest. CHARISMATIC AND TRANSFORMATIONAL ROLES Hunter had a way of attracting and making crew members change their minds on certain aspects, and this was all because he had good interpersonal skills which helped him deal with others well despite their authority level. For example, he was able to convinced Webs to stall the captain from launching the missiles even though Webs had helped in his arrest, as he himself went after the captain key. Another example is when he got the captain arrested, even though Cob was Ramseys old friend, after Hunter had explained the outcomes of launching the missiles without confirming the second message and the stating the regulations Chief of the Boat agreed with him to relieve Ramsey of his duty. CRITICALLY ANALYZE EACH OF THE TWO/ MORE INCIDENTS AND CONSIDER OTHER OPTIONS THE LEADER(s) COULD HAVE CONSIDERED AND MADE MANAGERIAL TRAITS AND SKILLS This topic deals with the responsibilities and abilities of a leader. One of the leaders (Ramsey) was impatient, and he being impatient could have led to a start of a nuclear warhead, he could have just given the communication unit some time to restore the boats systems before he could engage in the launching of the missile, which could have prevented an outbreak between him and Hunter. Secondly, a leader should learn to minimize his confidence level as overconfidence could enable them to think twice before handling a situation. If Ramsey was able to lower his confidence he could have listened to Hunters concerns and thought through the idea of launching the missile. SUMMARY In conclusion, there are two main types of management styles in Crimson Tide film: one leader who did things his own way (Ramsey) and the other one did things but the book (Hunter). And the two leaders had to make serious decisions and neither made it easy for the other one, despite the many disputes that arose when they were aboard in the USS Alabama they reconciled at the end. The reconcilement shows that they were good leaders because a good leader should be able to admit to his mistakes owning to them.

Troublesome Behavior Essay -- Psychology, Children Behavioral Disorder

Children often act out in inappropriate ways, however these irritations do not connote â€Å"troublesome† behavior (Wright, Tibbetts, and Daigle, 2008). Troublesome behavior describes age-inappropriate behaviors that continue into future years and inhibit healthy growth of the child. For example, a temper tantrum might be normal behavior for a young child, however it would be deemed inappropriate when the child reaches school age. When unseemly behaviors multiply to a certain level the child is considered behaviorally disordered. The criteria for such a diagnosis includes patterned symptoms that show at least short-term stability, symptoms that are present when around other adults besides their parents, severe symptoms, and symptoms that harm the child’s ability to handle developmental problems. These behaviors do not affect a large proportion of the population. One study showed about ten to fifteen percent of preschoolers demonstrates mild or moderate behavioral disorders (Campbell, 1995 as cited in Wright et al., 2008). Another study of three-year-olds found that severe behavior disorder afflicted 11 percent of the sample (Cornely and Bromet, 1986 as cited in Wright et al., 2008). Furthermore, in a study of parental reports of their 17-month-old children it was found that only 7.6 percent thought of their children as bullies and only 3.3 percent considered their children as cruel (Tremblay, 1999 as cited in Wright et al., 2008). In fact, only 1.5 to 3.4 percent of children are diagnosed with conduct disorder (Steiner and Dunne, 1997 as cited in Wright et al., 2008). However, other studies show that conduct disorder is found in five percent of ten-year-olds and ten percent of 12-year-olds (Wright et al., 2008). Also, ... ...criminality. It is associated with deviant behaviors and clinical disorders such as suicide, schizophrenia, and alcoholism. Moreover, most serotonin studies’ overall theme is that low levels of serotonin will prevent people from inhibiting their behavior. Furthermore, environmental conditions also affect serotonin levels. For example, serotonin levels fall during the winter and then rise again in spring. Dopamine is an excitatory neurotransmitter connected to the reward and punishment networks of the brain (Wright et al., 2008). A person’s state of excitement is increased with dopamine activity, which has a positive effect on problem solving, directed thinking, and attention span. Over production of dopamine has been associated with aggression and violence (Fishbein, 2001; Babel, Stadler, Bjorn, and Shindledecker, 1995 as cited in Wright et al, 2008).

The Imporance of Parental Authority

The nature and purpose of parental authority is to direct and instruct towards achieving a good, as many philosophers will agree on. However, there are certain philosophers that differ on the rational use of parental authority. Some will adhere to the notion that parental authority must be bounded to moral law, whereas others believe in the divine nature of parental authority. Nevertheless, most philosophers will agree that the correct use of parental authority for any family will dictate the success or failure in achieving the truest good for themselves. Both Allan Bloom’s â€Å"The Clean Slate† and Rabbi Normal Lamm’s â€Å"Traditional Jewish Family Values† offer insight to the use, nature, and purpose of parental authority in the family’s achievement of goodness. Rabbi Norman Lamm presents a model for parental authority in the traditional Jewish family. The father of a Jewish family is typically the source of authority for the family, but is not considered the absolute authority. The use of the father’s authority is exercised as the absolute source, meaning there is no democratic debate between each member of the family to come to a decision. As Lamm notes, the degeneration of the contemporary Jewish family stems from authority figures not exercising proper discipline, letting the family slip into this â€Å"liberal posture† (726). The nature and purpose of parental authority is ultimately meant to direct the child to his or her truest good. However, it is false to believe that the father of this idealized family is acting alone in instructing children. The father, as Lamm writes, is â€Å"not only the visible and present focus of authority†¦but he is also a symbol, the representative and refractor of a Higher Authority† (728). There is, in this statement, a direct implication that the father is only the focus to an authority that is greater than himself, and in working with that divine authority will direct the child to his or her good. In order for the family to achieve its fundamental goodness, the father must express his authority in relation with that which is greater than the family itself. The family, therefore, must be grounded and mutually committed to the authority bestowed upon them by parents and divine power. Lamm paints a picture that parental authority is given to parents through the transcendent, and parents must bestow this awareness of authority upon their children as a way to develop them towards achieving good, thus starting a cycle in which these children will pass the same traditions of authority to their children. In conclusion, Lamm explains that achieving fundamental happiness for the family only comes through an awareness of the transcendent and adhering to that in the exercise of parental authority. Allan Bloom, in â€Å"The Clean Slate†, comments on the state of moral education in the past and how it has evolved in the modern day. The use of parental authority is essential to the moral development of adolescents and young adults, according to Bloom. The family is meant to provide, above all else, a deep and enriching moral education, one that promotes and cultivates rational thinking in the service of a moral education. However, the achievement of this moral education draws similarities to the argument of Lamm, in that it is dependent upon a spiritual commitment to ritual and tradition, while upholding and communicating the knowledge of great literary writings. An important distinction here is to note the importance Bloom places upon great books. He notes that the family must read these as they are a pathway to a timeless truth. These great books bestow upon the family something that modern media and culture cannot, a true vision of the order of the whole of things as well as a sense of wisdom of the true nature of things. He writes, â€Å"The family requires a certain authority and wisdom about the ways of the heavens and of men† (57). Every member of the family, as a way to achieve a fundamental goodness, must be well versed in timeless teachings, rituals, and ceremonies. Bloom does point to several issues in our history as a nation that are having a direct impact on the nature and use of parental authority. If parental authority is meant to give children a deepening moral education and bring about goodness, how is it supposed to be that we can still achieve this with many technological distractions and a shift away from writings of revelation and truth? He comments that many parents in modern American families are moving away from the higher and more independent family life of their ancestors that provided a true moral education. Bloom believes that in order to restore what the family has lost, it must start with providing a firm exercise of parental authority through the use of great literature, ritual and traditional, to achieve a sacred unity. The fundamental goodness of a family exists when it is cultivating an environment that presents to the young â€Å"†¦a vision of a moral cosmos and of the rewards and punishment of good and evil†¦Ã¢â‚¬ , otherwise the world remains disenchanted with no fundamental truths. A disenchanted life awaits all that do not participate in the great revelations and epics that point us to the true natural vision of life, according to Bloom.

Dental Amalgam and the Risks Essay

What is amalgam? Amalgam is a combination of metals that has been used in dentistry for more than 100 years. It is still commonly used today. Although it sometimes is called â€Å"silver amalgam,† amalgam actually consists of a combination of metals. These include silver, mercury, tin and copper. Small amounts of zinc, indium or palladium also may be used. How safe is amalgam? Many studies on the safety of amalgam fillings have been done. In 2009, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) evaluated this research. It found no reason to limit the use of amalgam. The FDA concluded that amalgam fillings are safe for adults and children ages 6 and above. Why is mercury used in amalgam? Mercury is used in amalgam because it helps make the filling material pliable. When it is mixed with an alloy powder, it creates a compound that is soft enough to mix and press into the tooth. But it also hardens quickly and can withstand the forces of biting and chewing. Why the concern about mercury in amalgam? Everyone is exposed to mercury through air, drinking water, soil and food. Concerns have been raised, for instance, about the amount of mercury building up in fish as a result of pollution. Mercury enters the air from industries that burn mercury-containing fuels. Mercury from all sources can build up in body organs. As with most substances, the degree of harm caused by mercury in the body is related to the amount. Very low levels don’t cause any ill effects. At higher levels — for instance, when workers are exposed to mercury through their jobs — mercury can cause several symptoms. These include anxiety, irritability, memory loss, headaches and fatigue. Studies have shown that the amount of mercury you are exposed to from your fillings is less than the amount that most people are exposed to in their daily environment or in the food they eat. Do some people have reactions to amalgam? In rare cases, people have allergic reactions to the mercury in amalgam. The American Dental Association says that fewer than 100 cases of this type of allergy have ever been reported. People allergic to amalgam can receive other filling materials. Should pregnant women be concerned about amalgam feelings? Research has not shown any health effects from amalgam fillings in pregnant women. However, mercury can cross the placenta. In general, dentists advise pregnant women to avoid unnecessary dental care. Women should not get amalgam fillings during pregnancy. Dentists can suggest other materials for any pregnant woman who needs a cavity filled. If amalgam is safe, why does my dentist take precautions when handling it? Because dentists work with mercury almost every day, they must take safety precautions. Without protection, dentists can inhale mercury vapors. Over time, this exposure can produce symptoms of mercury toxicity. How is dental amalgam made? To make dental amalgam, dentists mix liquid mercury with a powder containing silver, tin and other metals. Dentists buy special capsules that contain the powder and the liquid mercury, separated by a membrane. They use special machinery to puncture the membrane and mix the amalgam while it is still in the capsule. Once mixing is complete, the capsule is opened. By the time the amalgam is placed in your tooth, the mercury has formed a compound with the other metals. It is no longer toxic.

Essay reviewing and outlining major points included in the study How Families Still Matter by USC Prof. Verne Bengtson

Essay reviewing and outlining major points included in the study How Families Still Matter by USC Prof. Verne Bengtson SOCI 150Midterm #2Review of How Families still MatterEvery Time I turn on the news it seems as though the media is trying to assert that today's youth are lazy products of the apparently struggling institution that is the Family. As a person who grew up in a family that could have been the model for a 1950's sitcom I find this interesting. Even though I grew up in a traditional family setting, I often find it difficult to believe that I am at all similar to what my parents were like at my age because it seems as though the structure of the family has changed so much. Furthermore, how have the many changes in structure of family living arrangements over the last few decades affected the family's ability to function properly? More importantly, what is the job of the family? Is this job being fulfilled? The important new release How Families Still Matter, by Vern L.Roald Amundsen og Robert Peary under overrekkelsen...Bengtson, Timothy J. Biblarz, and Robert E.L. Roberts which was publis hed by Cambridge University Press in Fall 2002, addresses these questions and more based on the results of their definitive, ground breaking research in the area over the last thirty years.How Families Still Matter is an important publication for a number of reasons. The study this book is based on is truly unique and ground breaking. It is a "longitudinal" study of multiple families over multiple generations. This means over thirty years ago, the researchers began studying a number of families and have followed those families for up to four generations. This is important because we can compare the social attitudes and values, physical and mental health, and the educational and occupational aspirations and goals of each generation and compare them to the generations before and after them and...